Client guide on proper business use of fire extinguishers

Fire extinguishers are essential for any business's fire safety strategy. Not only are they a regulatory requirement, but they also play a vital role in protecting employees, clients and property. Quick access to and proper use of fire extinguishers can prevent small fires from becoming catastrophic, safeguarding lives and minimizing property damage. Below is a guide on selecting, using and maintaining fire extinguishers to enhance workplace safety.

Selecting the right fire extinguishers

Choosing the correct fire extinguisher is crucial as different types are designed for specific fires:

• Class A: For ordinary combustibles like wood, paper and cloth.
• Class B: For flammable liquids such as gasoline, oil and grease.
• Class C: For electrical fires involving appliances, wiring and circuit breakers.
• Class D: For flammable metals like magnesium and aluminum.
• Class K: For kitchen fires involving cooking oils and fats.

Conduct a thorough assessment of your business to determine the appropriate types and quantities of fire extinguishers needed. Your local fire department or an experienced fire protection contractor can provide additional guidance.

Fire extinguisher placement

Proper placement can help provide quick access during emergencies. Follow these guidelines:

• Near fire hazards: Place extinguishers near potential fire hazards like kitchens, electrical panels and machinery.
• Exit routes: Ensure extinguishers are located near exit routes for safe evacuation.
• Travel distance: Follow NFPA and OSHA guidelines for placement distances (e.g., 75 feet for Class A and C, 50 feet for Class B, 30 feet for Class K).
• Visibility and accessibility: Mount extinguishers at visible and accessible heights, typically between 3.5 to 5 feet above the floor.
• Signage: Use signs and labels to clearly indicate extinguisher locations.
• Coverage per square feet: Provide at least one extinguisher for every 3,000 square feet of space, adjusting based on fire risk levels and building layout.

Employee training on fire extinguisher use

Proper training ensures employees can effectively use fire extinguishers during a fire. Key training components include:

• Understanding fire classes: Educate employees about different fire classes and corresponding extinguishers.
• Using the PASS technique: Teach the PASS (Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep) technique:

• Pull the pin to break the tamper seal.
• Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire.
• Squeeze the handle to release the extinguishing agent.
• Sweep the nozzle from side to side until the fire is completely extinguished.

• Recognizing when to evacuate: Train employees to assess the situation and evacuate if the fire cannot be controlled or if their safety is at risk.

Proper maintenance and inspection requirements

Regular maintenance and inspection are crucial to ensure fire extinguishers are in good working condition. Follow these guidelines:

• Monthly inspections: Check that extinguishers are accessible, have intact seals and show no signs of damage or corrosion.
• Annual maintenance: Have a qualified technician conduct a thorough inspection and maintenance service annually.
• Hydrostatic testing: Perform hydrostatic testing every 5 to 12 years, depending on the type of extinguisher, to check for leaks or structural weaknesses.
• Record keeping: Maintain accurate records of all inspections, maintenance and testing activities.

By following these guidelines, you can help best prepare your fire extinguishers are ready to use in an emergency, providing a safer environment for everyone.

If you have any questions or need further assistance with your fire safety strategy, please feel free to reach out to Markel’s Risk Solutions Services department at risksolutions@markel.com.

Sources:

‒ National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 10: Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers
‒ Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) 29 CFR 1910.157: Portable Fire Extinguishers Regulations
‒ U.S. Fire Administration guidelines for fire safety: Fire Safety Resources